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    Cement applications

    Concepts for coolers.

    Tasks
    The clinker cooler uses air to rapidly cool the hot clinker leaving the kiln, thereby stabilizing the C3S clinker phase and obtaining a high efficiency level. In modern clinker coolers, the cooling air passes through the clinker at right angles, whereby the air absorbs the thermal energy. Via the kiln hood, this recuperated heat is passed to the rotary kiln as secondary air, or as tertiary air via the tertiary air duct.
    The clinker is then transported to the breaker via pusher grates, fixtures, or the walking floor principle.
    Still in use are satellite coolers as well as pipe and drum coolers.

    Demands
    The main demands placed on the refractory linings of modern clinker coolers involve the extreme thermochemical and thermomechanical loads in the clinker entry zone, the bullnose, the horseshoe, and the wear benches. By means of a uniform distribution of the clinker bed in the recuperator region, it is possible to obtain the high secondary air temperatures, although they can lead to an increased "snowman" formation in the clinker entry zone.
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